我国玉米种质资源狭窄和杂种优势单一，严重制约着我国玉米育种和生产的发展，发掘优异种质，获得突破性育种材料是选育优良品种的基础与前提，热带、亚热带玉米种质的引入、改良和应用对促进我国玉米育种与生产发展起到重要作用。本文综述热带玉米Tuxpeno种质形成、改良以及演化进程。采用群体改良方法对玉米Tuxpeno-Reid种质进行4次轮回选择，构建温热人工合成Tuxpeno-Reid 1号（简称墨瑞1号） C0、C1、C2和C₃群体，回顾玉米Tuxpeno种质在我国玉米育种与生产中的应用，为有效地利用热带玉米Tuxpeno种质提供技术支撑，并进一步拓宽与丰富我国现有种质基础。

The narrow germplasm resources and the single heterosis mode seriously restrict the development of Chinese maize breeding and production. Exploring germplasm, especially elite materials is the basis and premise of breeding high-yield varieties. And the introduction, improvement and application of tropical and subtropical maize germplasm, promote the development of maize breeding and play an important role in maize production. This article summarizes the development and improvement process of tropical germplasm Tuxpeno. Meanwhile, based on popula-tion improvement method, we preformed four cycles of recurrent selection on Tuxpeno-Reid germplasm, and con-structed Tuxpeno-Reid 1 populations of C0, C1, C2 and C₃. In addition, we reviewed the history of Tuxpeno germ-plasm used in maize breeding and production of China. The purpose of this study is to provide technical support for the effective utilization of Tuxpeno germplasm of tropical maize and to further enrich the germplasm in China.

黔农科院自主创新科研专项字〔2014〕006号、黔科合支撑〔2016〕2605号、黔科合支撑〔2016〕2549号、黔科合支撑〔2017〕2507号