以豫82×沈137衍生的一套F₁₀家系为材料，采用2个环境、2种密度、3个重复的田间试验设计，对玉米8个株型相关性状（叶夹角、叶长、叶宽、叶向值、叶基至最高点距离、穗上部各节间距离、株高、穗位高）进行表型鉴定。联合方差分析结果表明，叶夹角、穗上节间距、株高、穗位高4个性状基因型×密度间互作差异达显著水平，说明基因型与密度间互作是影响变异的主要因素，可将4个性状作为判断玉米株型耐密性指标。两种密度处理比较结果表明，随着密度的增加，4个性状平均值也随着增加。将两种密度条件下性状平均值比较，可将190个家系划分为密度敏感型、较敏感型、中间型和钝感型4种类型。

A set of F₁₀ families derived from Yu 82×Shen 137 was used as the material to identify the phenotype of 8 plant types of maize by the field experiment design with 2 environments, 2 densities and 3 replicates. The results of the combined variance analysis showed that the differences of interaction between the 4 genotypes of the leaf angle, the interval of the spike, the height of the plant, the height of the spike and density were significant. The interaction between the genotype and the density was the main factor affecting their variation, and the above 4 traits could be used as an indicator of the tolerance to the plant type of maize. The comparison of two density treatments showed that the average of the 4 traits increased with the increase of density. The 190 families were divided into 4 types, density sensitive, sensitive, intermediate and insensitive, based on the comparison of the average values under two densities.

国家自然科学基金项目（31571678）、河南省玉米产业体系项目（S2015-02）