[关键词]
[摘要]
以苏玉糯5号和渝糯7号为材料,研究基肥配施和拔节期追氮对鲜食糯玉米子粒热力学特性的影响.研究表明,热焓值和胶凝温度受基肥配施影响较小,回生热焓值和回生值受拔节期追氮影响较小.热力学特征参数中,以回生热焓值和回生值变异系数较高.基肥配施处理中,氮磷钾肥均衡配施时各参数较高.随着拔节期追氮量增加,胶凝温度(起始温度、峰值温度和终值温度)先升后降;热焓值、回生值在不追氮或追氮150 kg/hm2时无显著差异,在过量追氮(300 kg/hm2)时前者较低,后者较高.相关分析表明,胶凝温度3个指标两两极显著正相关,且回生值和回生热焓值极显著正相关.6个热力学特征参数可转换为3个独立的主成分,累计方差贡献率为97.2%.氮磷钾均衡基施并拔节期适量追氮时子粒热稳定性较好,回生值适中.
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The results of a field experiment using Suyunuo5 and Yunuo7 indicated that fertilizer treatments significantly changed the thermal properties, and the effects of basic fertilizer on thermal characteristics were lower than those of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage except for retrogradation enthalpy(ΔHret) and retrogradation percentage(R). The variation coefficient of ΔHret and R was higher than other thermal characteristics. Among basic fertilizer treatments, all the thermal characteristics were highest when the fertilizer was balanced applied. With the increment of nitrogen top-dressing at jointing stage, the gelatinization temperatures raise first and fall later. Gelatinization enthalpy(ΔHgel) and R was similar between no topdressing treatment and topdressing 150 kg/ha N treatment, but the former was lower and the later was higher under topdressing 300 kg/ha N treatments. The thermal characteristics were different between years. The thermal parameters were higher in Suyunuo5 except for ΔHgel, which was similar between two varieties. The onset, peak and conclusion temperatures were positively correlated each other at p<0.01 level. The ΔHret was significantly positive correlated to R. The six thermal parameters could transferred to three independent principle components and its cumulative contribution reached to 97.2%, indicated that peak temperature. The treatment of fertilizer was balanced applied as basic fertilizer had higher thermal stability and moderate R.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金项目(31271640,31000684)、江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(11KJB210006)、江苏省农业三新工程[SXGC(2013)339]、江苏省农业三新工程[SXGC(2014)088]、江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2012335)、南通市农村科技创新及产业化项目(HL2011030)、南通市科技平台建设计划(CP12012002)、南通市科技公共服务平台(CP22013005)、江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目、江苏高校优秀科技创新团队、农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队