[关键词]
[摘要]
以东北半干旱区玉米‖花生轮作系统为研究对象,试验设传统玉米单作、花生单作、不同秸秆还田量下(30%、60%和100%)玉米‖花生轮作5个处理。通过连续3年田间定位试验,研究玉米秸秆不同还田量对农田土壤水热特性、产量及土地当量比(LER)的影响。结果表明,与传统单作相比,秸秆还田处理玉米区播前0~40 cm土壤平均含水量提高了1.9%~3.9%,花生区提高了11.0%~13.9%;成熟期,秸秆还田花生区0:00~8:00平均地温比传统单作提高了0.2℃~1.1℃,10:00~22:00平均地温较传统单作降低了0.5℃~1.0℃。2016年和2017年玉米‖花生轮作系统LER为1.05~1.16,2018年各处理LER均小于1。吉林半干旱区玉米‖花生轮作系统进行秸秆还田改善了作物播前的土壤水分状况,但对于作物产量的影响在不同年份有所差异。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Under the background of maize/peanut strip rotation system in semi-arid region of Jilin province, the effects of and different amount of maize straw returning(30%, 60%, and 100%) on hydro-thermal condition, yield and land equivalent ratio(LER) were studied. The experiment was carried out in 2016-2018. Five treatments were set up, including sole peanut, sole maize and different straw returning treatments in the maize-peanut strip rotation system. The results showed that compared with the traditional monoculture, the average soil water content of 0-40 cm of the straw returning region in peanut treatment increased by 11.0%-13.9% before sowing, and the maize region increased by 1.9%-3.9%. At the maturity stage, the average soil temperature of the straw returning area from 0:00-8:00 was 0.2℃-1.1℃ higher than that of the traditional peanut monoculture, but 0.5℃-1.0℃ lower than that of the traditional peanut monoculture at 10:00-22:00. In 2016 and 2017, LER of the maize ‖ peanut rotation system was 1.05-1.16, and the LER of each treatment was less than that in 2018. Maize intercropping peanut conservation tillage in the semi-arid area of Jilin improved the soil moisture status before crop sowing, but the impact on crop yield varied in different years.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300103,2017YFD0300603,2017YFD0300303)、中国农业科技东北创新中心博士后基金项目(C6215000209,C7208000109)