[关键词]
[摘要]
作物籽粒的长度、宽度、厚度、重量、体积、容重、密度等都是育种家研究的重要物理性状,测定籽粒密度需要先测量籽粒的体积和质量,而目前还没有测量籽粒体积简易方法的报道。传统的籽粒体积测量方法存在费工费时,读数误差大等不足,无法为研究者提供可靠的数据。本研究根据“排水法”的原理,设计了一种简易体积测量器,在装满已知密度溶液的容器中加入玉米籽粒,称取排出液体的质量,可换算成籽粒体积,该方法准确可靠,操作方便,效率高。用两种已知直径的不同数目圆形钢珠组成28组作为模拟对象,结果表明用测量器测得的钢珠体积与钢珠真实体积之间相对误差较小,能够满足测量所需要的准确度,测量器测量的钢珠体积和其真实体积的相关系数达到0.9991。利用24份体积有差异的玉米杂交种籽粒各30粒进一步验证,简易体积测量器和量筒分别测得的每份玉米籽粒体积接近、相对误差较小、相关系数达到0.9981。本研究开发的籽粒体积测量方法,不仅用于玉米籽粒体积的测量,还可用于其它作物籽粒体积的测量。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In crops, grain length, width, thickness, weight, volume, test weight and density are important agronomic traits in breeding. Especially, grain density determines the grain quality, the accuracy of grain density is largely depended on the measurement of grain weight and grain volume. However, an easy and accurate measuring device still missing. In common, water displacement method is an easy method for grain volume testing, such approach is usually inaccurate, time- and labour-consuming. It is impossible to ensure us to obtain the accurate data. Here, we designed an easy device for grain volume measurement combining water displacement method and an electronic balance. Based on the weight of the water that was displaced by the tested maize grain, the grain volume is obtained. By such device, ones can measure grain volume easily and efficiently. For estimating the accuracy of the designed device, the steel balls with known volume were employed to test the volume. The results indicated that the device tested volume is highly consistent with the real volume of these steel balls (r=0.9991). Thirty grains of 24 maize hybrids were further used for estimating grain volumes using this device. The obtained grain volumes of different maize varieties were highly correlated with the tested values by classic waterdisplacement method (r=0.9981). These results revealed that our designing for grain measurement is possible fit to measure grain volumes for maize and others crops.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金项目(地区科学基金)项目批准号31760389国家自然基金:细胞内吞相关基因ZmEHD1调控玉米籽粒灌浆的分子机制解析,