层出镰孢菌Fusarium proliferatum是辽宁省玉米穗腐病致病镰孢菌之一。本文比较了4株层出镰孢菌的生物学特性、致病力、伏马毒素生物合成基因的表达量和产伏马毒素能力。结果表明，供试层出镰孢菌适宜生长温度为25～30℃，Fp-2、Fp-3、Fp-6最适温度为25℃，Fp-7最适温度为28℃；适宜pH为5～8，Fp-2、Fp-7的最适pH为7，Fp-3耐碱性，最适pH为8，Fp-6耐酸性，最适pH为5；12 h光暗交替有利于菌丝生长；适宜生长培养基为PSA、PDA；不同菌株对碳氮源的利用存在差异，适宜碳源为可溶性淀粉和蔗糖，适宜氮源为亚硝酸钠、天冬氨酸和脯氨酸。4株层出镰孢菌均能产生毒素，菌株间产毒能力差异显著，其中菌株Fp-7产伏马毒素B1能力最强，为77.65 mg/kg；菌株间产毒基因的相对表达量也存在差异，但致病力无明显差异。

Fusarium proliferatum was one of the causing agents of maize ear rot in Liaoning Province. Biological characters, virulence, fumoisin B1 production andfumoisin B1 production genes expression of 4 F. proliferatum strains were compared. The results showed that the biological characteristics of 4 F. proliferatum strains were basically the same, but there were differences in specific characteristics. The results showed that the optimum temperature for the growth of the four strains was 25～30℃, and the optimum temperature was 25℃; the optimum pH was 5～8, and the optimum pH was 8 for Fp-3 and 5 for Fp-6; The suitable medium for mycelial growth was PSA and PDA. The suitable carbon sources were soluble starch and sucrose, and the suitable nitrogen sources were sodium nitrite, aspartic acid and proline. Among 4 F. proliferatum strains, strain FP-7 had the strongest ability to produce fumonisin B1, which was 77.65 mg/kg; the relative expression of toxin producing genes was also different among strains, but the pathogenicity was not significantly different.

辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2021JH6/10500163)