[关键词]
[摘要]
摘要:为明确黑龙江省不同生态区玉米大斑病菌生理小种组成及变化动态,采用Ht单基因常规鉴别寄主技术,对2018年、2019年采自黑龙江省39个市县的138株玉米大斑病菌菌株进行了生理小种鉴定,共鉴定出0、1、2、3、N、12、13、1N、2N、12N和13N号11个生理小种。所鉴定的138个菌株对Ht1、Ht2、Ht3和HtN抗性基因的毒性频率分别为46.1%、15.3%、9.3%和21.5%。结合已有的研究结果,分析了2005年-2019年间黑龙江省玉米大斑病菌生理小种组成结构及变化动态规律,发现近15年我省大斑病菌生理小种分化呈现日趋复杂化,不断有新的小种出现,从2005年的10个小种到现在16个小种均已被监测到。不同时期各小种组成及出现频率均在不断变化中,但0和1号小种始终是该地区的优势小种。另外,根据地理区划及积温带将病样来源地划分为4个典型的生态区,分析发现黑龙江省不同生态区玉米大斑病菌生理小种组成及优势小种具有明显差异。研究结果为黑龙江省玉米大斑病抗病品种选育、合理布局和轮换、病害发生风险预测及科学防控提供依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Abstract: In order to understand the composition and dynamic changes of physiological races of E. turcicum in different ecological regions of Heilongjiang Province, 138 strains collected from 39 areas in 2018 and 2019 were identified by using routine technique. The results showed that 11 physiological races including 0,1,2,3,N,12,13,1N,2N,12N,13N were identified. The virulence frequency of 138 strains to Ht1, Ht2, Ht3 and HtN resistance genes were 46.1%, 15.3%, 9.3% and 21.5% respectively. Combined with the previous research results, we analyzed the composition and dynamic changes of physiological races of E. turcicum in Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2019. It was found that the differentiation of physiological races of E. turcicum in Heilongjiang province became more and more complicated in recent 15 years, and new races appeared constantly. From 10 races in 2005 to 16 races now, all of them have been monitored, However, race 0 and race 1 are always the main races in this area. In addition, according to the geographical division and accumulated temperature zone, the source areas of the samples were divided into four typical ecological regions. The results showed that there were significant differences in the composition of physiological races and main races of E. turcicum in different ecological regions of Heilongjiang Province. These results provide the basis for breeding resistant varieties, rational distribution and rotation, risk prediction of disease and scientific control.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目(GA19B104-5),黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2019YYYF039)和黑龙江省级领军人才梯队后备带头人资助项目。