[关键词]
[摘要]
本研究采用盆栽试验,以玉米高抗瘤黑粉病自交系齐319和高感自交系掖478为材料,采用注射法接种瘤黑粉菌,从生理生化以及防御酶和相关抗病基因转录表达等方面,分析了不同抗性玉米种质对瘤黑粉病的抗病特征。结果表明:接种后,2个自交系的PAL、SOD和PPO活性均增加,抗病自交系齐319的PAL活性和PPO活性呈先增加后下降的趋势,SOD活性呈不断增加的趋势;感病自交系掖478的PAL活性呈先增加后降低的趋势,PPO和SOD活性随接种时间延长不断增加,并且在抗病材料中酶活性出现峰值的时间早于感病材料;抗病材料中的SOD活性在接种后迅速上升,保持较高活性,但感病材料中在接种后期SOD活性才升高。可溶性蛋白和Pro含量在抗病自交系中均大于感病自交系;SS含量随着接种时间而呈下降趋势,且在接种后3 d~5 d,感病自交系的SS含量高于抗病自交系。利用RT-PCR对SOD、PAL、PR-l、PR-2a、COI1和LOX基因的相对表达量分析表明,接种瘤黑粉病菌后,不同抗性材料中抗病相关基因的转录水平均显著提高,抗病材料中的表达时间基本都早于感病材料,并且基因的转录水平均随着接种时间的增加而上升,在接菌后期,感病材料中防御酶基因和抗病相关基因的表达量大于抗病材料。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In this study, the inbred lines Qi 319 with high resistance to smut and Ye 478 with low resistance to smut were used as materials in a potted experiment. Maize seedlings were inoculated with smut by injection method. The resistance characteristics of different resistant maize germplasm to smut were analyzed from the aspects of physiology and biochemistry, defense enzymes and transcription and expression of related resistance genes. The results showed that after inoculation, the PAL, SOD and PPO activities of the two inbred lines increased. The PAL and PPO activities of the disease-resistant inbred line Qi 319 increased first and then decreased, and the SOD activity increased continuously. The PAL activity of susceptible inbred line Ye 478 increased first and then decreased, and the activities of PPO and SOD increased with the prolongation of inoculation time, and the peak time of enzyme activity in resistant materials was earlier than that in susceptible materials. SOD activity in disease-resistant materials increased rapidly after inoculation and maintained a high activity, but in susceptible materials, the enzyme activity increased only at the late stage of inoculation. The contents of soluble protein and Pro in disease resistant inbred lines were higher than those in susceptible inbred lines. The content of SS decreased with the inoculation time, and at 3 d to 5 d after inoculation, the content of SS in susceptible inbred lines was higher than that in resistant inbred lines. RT-PCR analysis of the relative expression levels of SOD, PAL, PR-L, PR-2A, COI1 and LOX genes showed that the transcription levels of disease-resistant genes in different resistant materials were significantly increased after inoculation, and the expression time in disease-resistant materials was basically earlier than that in susceptible materials. In addition, the transcription level of genes increased with the increase of inoculation time. At the later stage of inoculation, the expression levels of defense enzyme genes and disease-resistant genes in susceptible materials were higher than those in disease-resistant materials.
[中图分类号]
S32
[基金项目]
甘肃省高等学校创新(2020A-053);国家自然基金地区(32060487);甘肃农业大学青年导师(GAU-QDFC-2019-01)作者简介王铁兵(1993-),硕士,从事玉米抗病机理研究。E-mailwang1122tb@163.com;王芳为本文通讯作者。