本文针对PH6WC、PH4CV、B20、D1279及PH6WC×PH4CV、PH6WC×B20、PH6WC×D1279、D1279×PH6WC鉴定试验进行了雄穗分枝数差异分析,并对PH6WC×D1279组建6世代群体(P₁、P₂、F₁、B₁、B₂、F₂),运用主-多基因混合模型遗传分析方法对雄穗分枝数遗传进行分析。结果表明：通育189雄穗分枝数存在细胞质遗传效应,F₁雄穗分枝数平均优势为28.57～132.41%；雄穗分枝数遗传模型为2对主基因加、显、上+多基因加、显混合模型,2对主基因为正向完全显性,主基因上位性效应＞显性效应＞加性效应；主基因效应是多基因效应的41.25倍,主基因遗传率为27.58～88.87%,多基因遗传率为0～41.78%。

This paper focuses on PH6WC, PH4CV, B20, D1279 and PH6WC × PH4CV,PH6WC × B20,PH6WC × D1279,D1279 × PH6WC, The difference of branch number of tassel was analyzed in identification test; And PH6WC× D1279 established six generations of population (P₁, P₂, F₁, B₁, B₂ and F₂), and analyzed the inheritance of branch number of tassel by using the genetic analysis method of major gene polygene mixed model. The results showed that there was cytoplasmic genetic effect on the branch number of tassel of TongYu189. The average heterosis of the branch number of tassel in F₁ was 28.57 ~ 132.41%; The genetic model of the branch number of tassel was a mixed model of two pairs of major genes additive, dominance, epistasis + polygene additive, dominance. The two pairs of major genes were positive completely dominant, the epistatic effect of major genes > dominant effect > additive effect; The major gene effect was 41.25 times higher than the polygenic effect, the major gene heritability was 27.58 ~ 88.87%, and the polygenic heritability was 0 ~ 41.78%.

吉林省农业重点研发项目(20200402022NC)、吉林省主粮作物良种科技创新重大专项-玉米单倍