为了研究揭膜对北疆滴灌玉米生长的影响，确定合适的揭膜时间，以郑单958为供试玉米品种，设无膜（T0）、出苗后揭膜（T1）、第二水前揭膜（T2）、第三水前揭膜（T3）、第四水前揭膜（T4）和全程覆膜（T5）处理，测定玉米株高、叶面积指数、茎粗、地上部生物量、产量及组成等指标，研究不同揭膜时间对滴灌玉米生长及产量的影响。研究表明：（1）在拔节期和大喇叭口期覆膜有利于提高滴灌玉米株高、茎粗和叶面积指数，玉米抽雄期至成熟期株高、茎粗和叶面积指数均表现为T3>T4>T5>T2>T1>T0，T3显著高于T0。（2）T4干物质转移率和籽粒贡献率最大为53.38%和38.96%，T3收获指数最大为70.33%，T3、T4的干物质转移率、籽粒贡献率和收获指数均显著高于T0和T1。（3）T3产量最高，T4次之，T3较T0、T5分别增产25.46%和7.62%；T4较T0、T5分别增产20.61%和3.47%。滴灌玉米实际产量(y)与揭膜时间(x)的拟合方程为y=-0.4325x2+71.0631x+14677，R2=0.7914；方程得出的理论产量为17596.05kg/hm2，理论揭膜最佳时间介于第三水和第四水之间。综上，北疆地区滴灌玉米最佳揭膜时间段在第三水至第四水之间，即六月底至七月初。

In order to study the effect of film-uncovering on the growth of drip irrigation maize in Northern Xinjiang and determine the appropriate film-uncovering time, Zheng Dan 958 was used as the tested maize variety. The plant height, leaf area index, stem diameter, aboveground biomass, yield and composition of maize were measured under the treatments of no film (T0), film removal after emergence (T1), film removal before the second water (T2), film removal before the third water (T3), film removal before the fourth water (T4) and whole process film covering (T5), to study the effect of different film-uncovering time on the growth and yield of drip irrigation maize. The results showed that: (1) Film covering at jointing stage and big bell mouth stage was beneficial to improve plant height, stem diameter and leaf area index of drip irrigation maize. The plant height, stem diameter and leaf area index of maize from tasseling stage to maturity all showed as T3>T4>T5>T2>T1>T0, and T3 was significantly higher than T0. (2) The maximum dry matter transfer rate and grain contribution rate of T4 were 53.38% and 38.96%, and the maximum harvest index of T3 was 70.33%. The dry matter transfer rate, grain contribution rate and harvest index of T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those of T0 and T1. (3) The yield of T3 was the highest, followed by T4. T3 increased by 25.46% and 7.62% respectively compared with T0 and T5. Compared with T0 and T5, T4 increased by 20.61% and 3.47% respectively. The fitting equation between the actual yield (y) of drip irrigation maize and the film-uncovering time (x) is y=-0.4325x2+71.0631x+14677, and R2=0.7914. To sum up, the best time period for film-uncovering of drip irrigation maize in Northern Xinjiang is from the third water to the fourth water, that is, from the end of June to the beginning of July.

兵团中青年领军人才计划(2018CB026)；兵团南疆重点产业重新发展支撑计划（2021DB015）；国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460550)