2018-2019年，在PVC管栽和大田条件下，采用裂区试验设计，主区为玉米自交系、裂区为水分处理，测定了不同耐旱型玉米自交系的冠层光合和产量等指标。结果表明，与对照（CK）处理相比，生殖生长期3次中度干旱胁迫（WS）处理，冠层叶色值、冠层光合速率、冠层蒸腾速率和叶面积指数均呈下降趋势，耐旱性较强的黄早四（HZS）平均降幅小于耐旱性较弱的CML58，其冠层叶色值和叶面积指数的降幅较高期（R3）出现早于CML58（R5）；干旱胁迫后两品系的水分利用效率总体上呈升高趋势，HZS平均升幅高于CML58。CK和WS处理下HZS的冠层叶色值、冠层光合速率、冠层蒸腾速率、水分利用效率、叶面积指数、单株粒重、收获指数和群体产量均高于CML58。与CK处理相比，生殖生长期3次WS处理下HZS群体产量平均降幅低于CML58。综上，与耐旱性较弱的玉米自交系相比，耐旱性较强的玉米自交系冠层光合参数对生殖生长期干旱胁迫响应相对滞后，可在干旱胁迫后维持相对较高的光合性能、水分利用效率和叶面积指数，促进植株干物质转化与籽粒建成，最终获得较高产量。

The canopy photosynthesis and yield of different drought-tolerant corn inbred lines were measured at PVC pipe planting and field condition using split plot experiment design from 2018 to 2019. The main plots were 2 corn inbred lines and the split plots were 2 water treatments. The results showed that compared with CK treatment, the canopy leaf color value, canopy photosynthetic rate, canopy transpiration rate and leaf area index decreased at three times WS treatment during reproductive growth stages. The average decrease ranges of HZS inbred line with higher drought tolerance was less than that of CML58 inbred line with lower drought tolerance, the higher decreasing period (R3) of canopy color value and leaf area index appeared earlier than that of CML58 (R5). The water use efficiency of the two inbred lines increased after drought stress, and the average increase range of HZS was higher than that of CML58. The canopy leaf color value, canopy photosynthetic rate, canopy transpiration rate, water use efficiency, leaf area index, grain weight per plant, harvest index and yield of HZS were all higher than those of CML58 at CK and WS treatments during reproductive growth stages. Compared with CK treatment, the average yield decrease range of HZS at 3 times WS treatment was lower than that of CML58 during reproductive growth stages. In conclusion, compared with corn inbred line with lower drought tolerance, the response of canopy photosynthetic parameters on corn inbred line with higher drought tolerance was relative lag behind to drought stress at reproductive growth stage, which could maintain relatively high photosynthetic performance, water use efficiency and leaf area index after drought stress, and promoted dry matter transformation and kernel formation of plant, and obtained higher yield finally.

辽宁省农业科学院院长基金（2021MS0501）、国家重点研发计划（2106YFD0101203-1）、辽宁省自然科学基金（2021-MS-049）、黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项（XDA28090100）、国家自然科学基金（31601262）、国家玉米产业技术体系-沈阳综合试验站。