为筛选适合盐碱化土壤种植的耐盐碱玉米自交系,本试验采用山东省农科院选育的52份玉米自交系材料,在(150mmol/L NaCl+30mmol/L Na₂CO₃)的盐碱胁迫条件下进行种子萌发试验。依据发芽率、芽长、根长、侧根数、芽鲜干重、根干鲜重、含水率共9个农艺性状指标,基于主成分分析和聚类分析结果,综合筛选耐盐碱玉米自交系。根据主成分分析结果可将9个性状转化为5个主成分因子,共代表了原始数据信息量的92.343%。聚类分析将52份种质材料分为5类不同的耐盐碱类型,分别为高度耐盐碱型、中度耐盐碱型、耐盐碱型、盐碱敏感型和高度盐碱敏感型。通过将主成分分析方法与聚类分析方法相结合,筛选出lXP1342a、DPJ537a、QX52322、QD5123、QX51513h、QD517236共6份高度耐盐碱型材料；CILCD7975、QPQ705b等共12份中度耐盐碱型材料；QX52352、QX51513b等共16份耐盐碱型材料；QDP553b、QX51513a等共12份盐碱敏感型材料；QX51513d、QX51513c等共6份高度盐碱敏感型材料。这些耐盐碱能力不同材料的筛选及评价为耐盐碱品种的选育提供了参考依据。

To screen maize inbred lines tolerant to saline-alkali soil for cultivation, this study evaluated 52 maize inbred lines developed by the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Seed germination tests were conducted under saline-alkali stress (150 mmol/L NaCl + 30 mmol/L Na?CO?). Nine agronomic traits were assessed: germination rate, shoot length, root length, number of lateral roots, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and moisture content. Comprehensive screening for salt-alkali tolerance was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. PCA reduced the nine traits into five principal components, collectively explaining 92.343% of the total variance in the original data. Cluster analysis classified the 52 germplasms into five distinct salt-alkali tolerance types: highly tolerant (HT), moderately tolerant (MT), tolerant (T), sensitive (S), and highly sensitive (HS).By integrating PCA and cluster analysis results, the following materials were identified: Highly Tolerant (HT): lXP1342a, DPJ537a, QX52322, QD5123, QX51513h, QD517236 (6 accessions);Moderately Tolerant (MT): CILCD7975, QPQ705b, et al. (12 accessions);Tolerant (T): QX52352, QX51513b, et al. (16 accessions);Sensitive (S): QDP553b, QX51513a, et al. (12 accessions);Highly Sensitive (HS): QX51513d, QX51513c, et al. (6 accessions).The screening and evaluation of these materials with varying salt-alkali tolerance provide a valuable reference for breeding saline-alkali tolerant maize varieties.

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山东省泰山产业领军人才（NO.tscx202408169）；山东省农业良种工程项目“两大玉米核心种质群轮回改良与突破性种质创制”（2022LZGC019）；山东省玉米产业技术体系遗传育种岗位专家（SDAIT-02-04）；山东省农业科学院创新工程（CXGC2025F02）