本研究以o213突变体和G213自交系分别与56份自交系组配获得的杂交种为试验材料，采用随机区组设计，于成熟期采集果穗样品，测定百粒重、营养品质及矿质元素，系统评价112份杂交种的性状表现，为评价o213突变体在品质性状改良中的应用潜力提供理论依据。结果表明，不同自交系背景对百粒重和铁含量的影响尤为突出。相关性分析显示，o213杂交后代中，粗蛋白含量高的组合通常伴随较高的粗脂肪、铁和锌含量，以及较低的粗淀粉含量。与WT杂交后代相比，o213杂交种铁含量增幅范围为4.47~728.14%。其中，o213与丹3130、SH1070和LM13047三个自交系的组配组合表现最好，能显著提升粗蛋白（分别提高6.68%、7.71%和8.30%）、粗脂肪（4.16%、12.24%、16.77%）、铁（258.55%、295.89%、379.17%）和锌含量（81.99%、86.61%、95.33%），表明这些组合在玉米营养品质改良方面具有良好潜力。综合对112份杂交种粗蛋白、粗脂肪、铁和锌含量的系统评价，本研究明确o213突变体在玉米种质资源创新与营养品质育种中具有一定的应用价值。

The present study employed hybrids derived from the cross of the o213 mutant and G213 inbred line with 56 inbred lines as experimental materials. A randomised block design was employed to collect ear samples at maturity, with the objective of measuring hundred-kernel weight, nutritional quality, and mineral elements. The performance of 112 hybrids was systematically evaluated to provide theoretical support for assessing the potential of the o213 mutant in improving quality traits. The findings of the present study demonstrate that the inbred line background exerts a significant influence on the hundred-kernel weight and iron content. Correlation analysis revealed that combinations with high crude protein content in o213 hybrid progeny were typically accompanied by higher crude fat, iron, and zinc content, along with lower crude starch content. In comparison with WT hybrid progeny, the iron content in o213 hybrids exhibited an increase ranging from 4.47% to 728.14%. Among the aforementioned combinations, the o213 crossed with inbred lines Dan3130, SH1070, and LM13047 demonstrated the most favourable combinations, with a significant enhancement of crude protein (by 6.68%, 7.71%, and 8.30%, respectively), crude fat (4.16%, 12.24%, 16.77%), iron (258.55%, 295.89%, 379.17%), and zinc content (81.99%, 86.61%, 95.33%). This finding suggests that these combinations may hold considerable potential for enhancing the nutritional quality of maize. This study confirms the practical value of the o213 mutant in maize germplasm innovation and nutritional quality breeding through a comprehensive evaluation of crude protein, crude fat, iron, and zinc content in 112 hybrids.

国家现代农业产业技术体系和四川省突破性玉米及高粱育种材料和方法创新及品种选育(育种攻关项目)(2021YFYZ0017)