为探究不同播期和芽胞杆菌对爆裂玉米的产量及籽粒品质、膨爆特性影响，本试验在大田条件下，以爆裂玉米“佳球105”为试验材料。分别设置早播4月22日(A1)、中播5月2日(A2)、晚播5月12日(A3)以及蒸馏水灌根（CK）和芽胞杆菌混合液灌根（B），共6个处理。研究播期、芽胞杆菌对爆裂玉米籽粒灌浆速率、产量、籽粒品质、膨爆特性影响以及相关性。研究结果表明：适期播种可以提高爆裂玉米的产量1%-3%、淀粉含量3%，膨爆倍数提高1%-8%。同一播期芽胞杆菌可以显著提高未施菌处理产量7%-11%、淀粉含量1%-3%、膨爆倍数提升5%-20%。对爆裂玉米的膨爆倍数与籽粒的各项指标进行相关性分析，膨爆倍数与籽粒的淀粉含量以及脂肪含量显著正相关。在实际生产中，适宜播期可以提高爆裂玉米的产量改善品质，芽胞杆菌可以直接或者间接的促进植物生长，在适宜播期下施用芽胞杆菌可以有效提高玉米籽粒品质、籽粒膨爆特性进而提升爆裂玉米的营养价值。

To explore the effects of different sowing periods and bacillus on the yield, grain quality, and popping characteristics of popping corn, This experiment was conducted under field conditions, using the popping corn variety 'Jiaqiu 105' as the test material. Set up early sowing on April 22 (A1), medium sowing on May 2 (A2), late sowing on May 12 (A3), as well as distilled water root irrigation (CK) and bacillus mixture root irrigation (B). There are 6 processes. Study the effects of sowing period and bacillus on the grain filling rate, yield, grain quality, and popping characteristics of popping corn, as well as their correlations. Research results show that sowing at the appropriate time can increase the yield of popping corn by 1%-3%, starch content by 3%, and expansion ratio by 1%-8%. The same broadcast period bacillus can significantly increase the yield of non-bacterial treatment by 7%-11%, starch content by 1%-3%, and expansion ratio by 5%-20%. A correlation analysis was conducted between the puffing multiple of popped corn and various indicators of the kernels. The puffing multiple showed a significant positive correlation with the starch content and fat content of the kernels. In actual production, the suitable sowing period can increase the yield of popping corn and improve its quality. Bacillus can directly or indirectly promote plant growth. Applying Bacillus under the suitable sowing period can effectively improve the quality of corn kernels, the popping characteristics of kernels, and thus enhance the nutritional value of popping corn.

黑龙江省外向型农业产业技术体系项目；国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD2303302）