引进沈爆3号、沈爆16号、斯达爆2号、佳蝶270、佳球105等5个爆裂玉米品种，开展品种比较试验，探究氮肥施用量和种植密度对爆裂玉米产量与膨爆品质的影响。结果表明，佳蝶270和斯达爆2号的产量较对照品种(沈爆3号)分别增加30.8%和26.0%，其穗行数、千粒重、穗粗、叶面积指数等性状具有明显优势。与斯达爆2号相比，佳蝶270的膨爆倍数和爆花率分别提高16.1%和3.2%，且小花率和死粒率分别降低40.2%和40.0%。在氮肥用量195 kg/hm²、种植密度67 500株/hm²的条件下，佳蝶270的产量和膨爆品质(膨爆倍数)较其他处理分别增加1.5%～23.1%和1.4%～34.8%，单穗重较其他处理增加1.0%～19.6%，过氧化物酶(POD)较其他处理增加17.4%～47.9%。综上所述，佳蝶270的产量和膨爆品质表现更佳。

This study introduced five popcorn varieties, namely Shenbao No.3, Shenbao No.16, Sidabao No.2, Jiadie270 and Jiaqiu105, and conducted variety comparison experiments in Zhejiang Province to further explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application and planting density on the yield and popping quality of popcorn. The results showed that the yield of Jiadie270 and Sidabao No.2 increased by 30.8% and 26.0% respectively compared to the control variety(Shenbao No.3). This was mainly attributed to their significant advantages in traits such as ear row number, thousand-grain weight, ear diameter, and leaf area index. Compared with Sidabao No.2, the popping expansion rate and popping rate of Jiadie270 increased by 16.1% and 3.2% respectively, while the small popping rate and dead-kernel rate decreased by 40.2% and 40.0% respectively. In addition, when the nitrogen fertilizer application rate was 195 kg/ha and the planting density was 67 500 plants/ha, the yield and popping quality(popping expansion rate)of Jiadie270 increased by 1.5%-23.1% and 1.4%-34.8%, respectively, compared to other treatments. The ear weight increased by 1.0%-19.6%, and the peroxidase increased by 17.4%-47.9% compared to other treatments. To sum up, Jiadie270 has better yield and popping quality.

S513.062

浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02064-43);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广项目(2021XTTGLY0304);杭州市科技发展计划项目(202203A02)