Identification and Evaluation of Eighty-one Hybrids for Chilling Tolerance at Maize Germination Stage
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Abstract:
The appropriate temperature for the identification of chilling tolerance at maize germination stage was established as 10℃, based on a statistical analysis of the average ground temperature of 10 cm underground in Gongzhuling, Jilin during April 20 th to May 10 th, 2009-2018. The germination rate, germination index, average germination time and relative values of 81 maize hybrids were measured under low temperature stress. Principal component analysis was used to calculate the comprehensive cold tolerance D value. Based on D value and relative germination rate, chilling tolerance of maize hybrids was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that six single indicators at germination stage were synthesized into two independent comprehensive indicators by principal component analysis. Based on the D value of comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance and the relative germination rate, 81 hybrids were all divided into 5 categories by cluster analysis, which included excellent cold resistance, strong cold resistance, medium cold resistance, weak cold resistance and very weak cold resistance. Both have a high degree of coincidence. Five hybrids with strong cold resistance were screened out, including Xianyu1225, Shengyuan 80, Heyu 35, Xiangyu998 and Liangyu 66. A strategy was finally proposed to combine the rough evaluation based on relative germination rate with the precise evaluation based on comprehensive cold tolerance D value.