Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variations of Summer Maize Yield and the Year of Climate Type
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Abstract:
In order to quantify the spatiotemporal change of summer maize yield and yield components and explore the change of the year of climate type, the data of multipoint field experiments with the same summer maize cultivar were analyzed in summer maize growing region in China from 2004 to 2013. The result showed that, summer maize yield of the regional average was 9 055 kg/ha; the seasonal difference of the yield was 1 635 kg/ha, the site difference of it was 4 258 kg/ha; the seasonal and site variation of it was 18.1% and 47.1%, respectively; 1 000-kernel weight of the regional average was 313 g with 13.1% seasonal variation and 27.8% spatial variation. Kernel number of the regional average was 479. Kernel number presented 18.0% seasonal variation and 38.7% spatial variation. Summer maize yield increased significantly with the increase of 1 000-kernel weight. The large fluctuation and spatiotemporal variation of summer maize yield were caused by kernel number decreasing significantly and the large spatiotemporal variation. In low yield sites, the change of climate factors significantly impacted yield and yield components of summer maize. In the mean yield sites, temperature and the days of maximum temperature above 33℃ influenced these significantly. And in the high yield sites, significantly affected by precipitation.