Effects of different planting patterns on dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of maize
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Abstract:
In view of the increase of planting density and promotion of dense planting maize varieties, the effects of different patterns on dry matter accumulation and distribution of maize yield formation were explored，which may lay a theoretical foundation for high-yield cultivation of spring maize. In this study, maize hybrid line Liangyu 99 was used as the material from 2018 to 2019. We designed general settings planting (row spacing) (as CK) and three non-uniform planting patterns, two row of big ridge, partial ridge-narrow/wide row and 2-0 culture, respectively, to find out the effects of different planting patterns on the photosynthesis parameters, dry matter accumulation，transshipment and distribution of population, and the yield of maize. The results of the two years indicated that the net photosynthetic rate of population, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance increased by1.39% ~ 36.55%, 2.78% ~ 18.98% and 5.88% ~ 45.75% in three non-uniform planting patterns compared with CK.We also found that the dry matter accumulation of population increased by 3.36% ~ 13.89%, at the same time, the dry matter transport rate of leaves, stems and leaf sheaths increased by 1.92% ~ 23.08%, 5.48% ~ 34.31% and 19.56% ~ 53.39%, respectively. We then noticed that the contribution rate of grain yield increased by 3.50% ~ 62.50%. It was worth noting that the three non-uniform planting patterns significantly increased the grain yield of maize, and the yield increased by 14.16% ~ 30.34% in 2018, and 4.19% ~ 9.28% in 2019. The reason for the large increase in yield of 2018 was the decline in the empty bar rate (In 2018, the empty bar rate decreased by 1.79% ~ 13.29%, and in 2019 the rate was 0.05% ~ 0.43%).This result further indicated that non-uniform planting patterns in drought years showed a greater yield increase advantage. Among the three types of non-uniform planting patterns, the two row of big ridge had the highest grain yield in two years, reached 6264.68 kg?hm-2 (2018) and 12449.40 kg?hm-2 (2019).
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