研究分析50份不同爆裂玉米种质材料的果穗性状及其膨爆特性。结果表明，果穗性状中秃尖长的变异系数为68.88%；果穗穗长、行数、行粒数、穗粗、百粒重呈正态分布，果穗秃尖长呈偏态分布。膨爆特性中膨爆倍数的变异系数为32.86%，膨爆倍数呈正态分布，膨爆率呈偏态分布，表明爆裂玉米种质材料间主要性状具有较为丰富的多样性。膨爆特性、果穗性状间的相关性分析表明，膨爆倍数与膨爆率呈显著正相关；膨爆倍数与穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粗呈正相关，与秃尖长、百粒重呈负相关；膨爆率与行粒数、穗粗呈显著正相关，与穗长、秃尖长、行数、百粒重呈正相关。

The ear characters and popping characters of 50 different popcorn germplasm were analyzed. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the ears'bald tip lengths was 68.88%, and the ear lengths, rows per ear, seeds per row, ear diameter and 100-grain weight presented a normal distribution, while the bald tip lengths a skew distribution; popping volume was 32.86%, presented a normal distribution, popping rate presented a skew distribution. The main characters of popcorn germplasm had abundant diversity, which was helpful for screening and comparison of good varieties and breeding and improvement of new varieties. Correlation analysis between popping characteristics and ear traits showed that the popping volume was positively correlated with the popping rate, and the popping volume was positively correlated with the ear length, rows per ear, seeds per row and ear diameter; and the negative correlation with the bald length and 100-grain weight. The popping rate was significantly positively correlated with seeds per row and the ear diameter, and positively related to the ear length, baldness, rows and 100-grain weight.

国家自然基金项目（31801364）、国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0100106）、上海市农委基础项目[沪农科攻字（2015）第6-1-2号]、上海市鲜食玉米产业技术体系[沪农科产字（2017）第10号]