分子育种是玉米遗传育种快速发展的最重要推动力之一。近些年来，我国在玉米分子育种相关领域已经取得了重大进展。文章综述从"十二五"至今，国内研究者利用分子育种技术在玉米种质遗传多样性和遗传结构分析、相关性状基因/QTL发掘和基因克隆等方面的新进展，促进玉米分子育种技术能够更好地应用于育种研究中，为提高育种效率提供思路和参考。

Molecular breeding is one of the most important and driving forces for the development of maize genetics and breeding. In recent years, chinese researchers have made significant progress in molecular breeding of maize. This article reviews the progress made by domestic researchers with molecular breeding techniques in the genetic diversity and structure of maize germplasm, maize-related trait genes/QTL mapping and gene cloning since the 12th Five-Year Plan. The promotion of molecular breeding technology in maize can be better applied to genetic breeding, while providing some ideas and references for breeding new maize varieties with excellent traits.

国家科技支撑计划课题"春玉米区商业化育种技术研究与示范"（2014BAD01B01）、吉林省农业科技创新工程人才基金项目（c82231506）