一致性、特异性是玉米新品种应具备的基本属性,而提高新品种制种产量是提高品种市场竞争力的重要措施之一,其中利用育种技术提高制种产量至关重要。本研究以国审玉米新品种浚单58母本浚M6968(A1)及近缘自交系A2为研究对象,利用A1、A2组配复合亲本A3、A4,再以4个亲本为母本与浚单58父本浚262组配单交种H1(浚单58)、H2、H3、H4,利用SSR标记技术和DUS测试技术,分析4个亲本自交系、4个单交种的稳定性与特异性,以及4个亲本自交系制种产量之间差异。结果表明,4个亲本自交系之间存在1-3个分子差异值,形态学上也存在1-3个性状差异值； 4个单交种之间虽然存在1-3个分子差异值,但形态学上无性状差异值,一致性较好,品种之间不具备创新性和特异性；分析4个亲本自交系制种产量发现,复合亲本A3、A4在制种产量上比纯合亲本A1、A2提高了23.2%-25.9%。由此可见,通过利用浚单58母本浚M6968近缘自交系组配复合亲本,在保证浚单58一致性和特异性的同时,可明显提高浚单58制种产量,有效降低新品种的生产成本,提高新品种市场竞争力。

Consistency and specificity are the basic attributes of new maize varieties. Increasing the seed production of new varieties is an important measures to improve the competitiveness of varieties in the market. Xundan 58, a new maize variety, was crossed by Xun M 6968(A 6968 (a 1) and Xun 262. Compound lines A3 and A4 were produced by crossing A1 and A2 with each other, and then four parents were used as female parents to combine with male parent Xun 262 to produce single cross species H1 (Xundan 58), H2, H3 and H4. Using SSR marker and DUS test technology, the consistency and specificity of four parental inbred lines and four hybrids, as well as the differences in seed production among the four parental inbred lines were analyzed. The results showed that there were 1-3 SNP differences and 1-3 morphological differences among the four parental inbred lines. Although there are 1-3 SNP differences among the four single cross species, there is no morphological difference. The results showed that all four single cross species were the same variety. It was found that the seed yield of compound parents A 3 and A 4 was higher than that of homozygous parents A1 and A2 by 23.2% -25.9%. Our experiments prove that the compound parents can significantly improve the seed production.