玉米是我国主要粮食作物之一，学术界普遍认同其由明宣德至正统年间从沿海传入我国。本文整理了现有文献和地方志，推测玉米传入我国的时间在1425年前后，传入云南的时间应早于1436年，在云南省内由大理依次传播至楚雄、东川、曲靖、红河、玉溪等地。因其特有的传播因素和形态特征，玉米在云南地方志中具有“玉麦”、“包麦”、“玉蜀黍”、“包谷”、“芋麦”、“御麦”等称谓。作为我国云南省几百年来的主要粮食来源和高原特色作物，玉米对近代移民、赈灾救荒和少数民族生存起到了重要作用。

Maize is one of the most important staple crops in China, and it is generally accepted that it was introduced to China from the coast between the Xuande and Zhengtong dynasties of the Ming Dynasty. However, based references and local chronicles, this research suggest that maize was introduced to China around 1425 and introduced to Yunnan earlier than 1436. Maize spread from Dali to Chuxiong, Dongchuan, Qujing, Honghe and Yuxi in Yunnan province. Because of its distribution factors and morphological characteristics, maize has been named "Yumai","Baomai", "Yushushu" , "Baogu", "Yumai", "Yumai" and so on in local chronicles in Yunnan. As a major food source and a highland crop in Yunnan province, it plays important role in migration, relieving famine and disaster, and ethnic subsistence.

云南师范大学优势本科专业核心课程建设-《遗传学》:01200205020502040；云南师范大学大学生科研训练:KX2022045.