通过田间试验，研究不同灌溉方式下东北中部春玉米区土壤结构、根系形态、地上部养分累积及产量构成。结果表明，灌溉后土壤三相比显著变化，土壤固相下降，液相和气相比例显著增加，0～20 cm土壤容重降低6.7%～17.9%；灌溉后0～60 cm根系干重及根长总量略有增幅，且在深层土壤中的比例增加，有利于植株对养分和水分的吸收；与不灌溉（CK）相比，隔沟交替灌溉（T1）、全垄灌溉（T2）下植株氮、磷、钾含量平均提高14.5%、42.6%、16.1%，生物量和产量平均提高19.8%和14.3%。因此，在春玉米关键生育期合理补水可以改善土壤结构，降低土壤容重，促进根系合理分布，增加植株养分吸收，进一步增加产量。

An experiment in the field was carried out to study the soil structure, root morphology, nutrient accu-mulation, grain yield and its component under different irrigation modes in the middle of Northeast. The results indi-cated that three phase proportions of soil change significantly under irrigation conditions. The proportion of soil phase decreased and the proportion of liquid and gas phase increased significantly. The soil bulk density in 0-20 cm decreased 6.7%-17.9%. There were not significant for root dry weight and root length in 0-60 cm soil layer in different irrigation treatments. However, the proportion of root dry weight and root length in the deeper soil layer was higher after irrigating. It was also beneficial to the nutrient accumulation and water utilization. Comparing with the CK, the N, P and K accumulations were increased 14.5%, 42.6% and 16.1% in the T1 and T2 treatments and the biomass and grain yield were increased 19.8% and 14.3%, respectively. So it is necessary to reasonable irrigation for getting higher grain yield by improving the soil structure, decreasing the soil bulk density, adapting the distribu-tion of root in soil layer, and increasing the nutrient uptake of plants.

科技支撑课题（2013BAD07B02，2011BAD16B10，2012BAD04B02）、吉林省科技支撑重大项目（20106025，20126026）、吉林省青年科研基金（201201090）、吉林省玉米产业体系专项