2011~2012年,选用郑单958为供试材料,以传统栽培模式为对照(CK),研究超高产栽培条件下春玉米的冠层结构。结果表明,超高产条件下春玉米产量及有效穗数均显著高于对照;玉米在超高产栽培条件下,其群体叶面积指数(LAI)均高于传统栽培模式(CK),且LAI最大值的持续天数比CK长。棒三叶及棒三叶以上叶增加幅度明显,与CK均达到显著水平;超高产栽培条件下玉米叶倾角明显小于CK,叶向值增大,群体受光态势较好。叶片光合速率(P_n)均随生育时期的推移而不断降低,在全生育期超高产栽培条件均高于CK,并且在大喇叭口期差异显著;整个生育时期超高产栽培条件的光合势均高于CK。超高产栽培LAI持续天数长,叶倾角小,叶向值大,进而改善玉米群体受光态势,提高叶片光合能力,具有高光效的冠层结构。

During the 2012-2013 years, the canopy structure of spring maize under the condition of high yield cultivation(SHY) was studied with the traditional culture model as the control(CK). The results show that, under the condition of super high yield spring maize yield and effective panicle number was significantly higher than the control; maize under the condition of SHY, the leaf area index(LAI) were higher than that of traditional cultivation pattern(CK), and the maximum duration of LAI longer than the control; SHY increased significantly more than in corn stick and clover stick leaf, and CK reached a significant level; SHY maize leaf angle was small and the control, leaf orientation value increases, population light distribution is better; leaf SHY and CK photosynthetic rate(P_n) were all decreased with the growth process, in the whole growth period of SHY was higher than that of CK, and in the large the bell was significant; in addition, the whole growth period of SHY photosynthetic potential was higher than that of CK. Super high yield cultivation LAI full duration long, leaf angle small leaves to value. In order to improve the maize population situation by light, improve leaf photosynthetic capacity, canopy structure with high efficiency.

2015年农业部全国农业科研杰出人才项目