以中单909的两个亲本郑58和HD568构建的重组自交系为材料，对不同种植密度下穗上叶性状进行遗传特性剖析。通过P₁、P₂以及RIL3个世代联合分析发现，环境对穗上叶性状的表型有着显著影响，不同种植密度对穗上叶的表型呈现一定的规律，穗上叶性状的广义遗传力均较高。对穗上叶叶面积进行联合分离分析发现，在中、高密度下两个环境的遗传模型一致，均符合E-9模型；在低密度下两个环境分别符合E-9和F-1模型，说明穗上叶叶面积的最优遗传模型是两对具有抑制性的主基因和多基因控制的加性遗传模型，但会受到密度效应的影响，不同密度下遗传模型的差异在后代育种中具有重要的指导作用。

Utilizing three generations, male parent Zheng58(P₁), female parent HD568(P₂) and the RIL population derived from the ZD909 hybrid, to study the genetic characters of different density treatments of leaf traits above the uppermost ear. The result showed that the environmental factor had a significant effect on the leaf traits, the density treatments presented some regularities inleaf traits, and the leaf traits had relatively high broad-sense heritability. The research with joint segregation analysis of the three generations found the leaf area above the uppermost ear in two environments under medium and high density treatments both fitted the genetic model E-9, however the low density genetic model in environmentⅠwas the E-9 and in environmentⅡwas F-1. And the result showed that the leaf area above the uppermost ear was controlled by the two inhibited main genes and polygenes additive interaction model, it would be affected by the density difference, and the two model in different situation both played an important role in guidance on plant architecture breeding in maize.

国家“973”项目“玉米产量和品质性状全基因组选择育种的基础研究”（2014CB138200）、北京市科技计划“中单系列玉米商业化育种及产业化开发”（D141100005014003）、中国农业科学院科技创新工程