利用耐旱系数法对我国47份主要玉米自交系农艺性状、产量与耐旱性进行相关性分析，对自交系耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明，穗粗、行粒数、轴径与单株子粒产量耐旱系数呈极显著正相关；株高、雄穗长、穗行数、百粒重与单株子粒产量耐旱系数呈显著正相关；ASI与单株产量耐旱系数呈极显著负相关。各性状耐旱性对单株产量的相对重要性依次为穗粗 > 行粒数 > 轴径 > 株高 > 雄穗长 > 穗行数 > 百粒重 > 穗位高 > 穗长 > ASI。按照综合耐旱系数将自交系耐旱性分为3个级别，耐旱性较强自交系有混517、郑58、掖52106、英64、38-11等19份，占40.4%；耐旱性中等自交系有525、C103、Mo17Ht、黄早四、昌7-2等18份，占38.3%；耐旱性较弱自交系有吉853、综31、L317、Os420、WF9等10份，占21.3%。

Drought resistance coefficient method was applied to analyze the correlation between agronomic traits, yield and drought tolerance of 47 main maize inbred lines in China, and the drought tolerance of inbred lines was evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that drought tolerance index of ear diameter, grain number, cob diameter and seed yield per plant was significantly positive correlation, plant height, tassel length, ear row number, 100-grain weight per plant and grain yield drought index showed a significant positive correlation, ASI had significantly negative correlation with yield per plant drought tolerance coefficient. The relative importance of drought tolerance to yield per plant was in turn, ear diameter > row grain number > shaft diameter > plant height > ear length > ear row > 100 grain weight > ear height > ear length > ASI. According to the comprehensive drought tolerant inbred lines for drought tolerance coefficient will be divided into 3 levels, drought tolerant inbred lines are Hun517, Zheng58 and Ye52106, Ying64, 38-11, etc, accounted for 40.4%, moderate drought tolerance inbred lines drought tolerance was 525, C103, Mo17Ht, Huangzao4, Chang 7-2, etc. Accounting for 38.3%, weak drought tolerance inbred line Ji853, in 31, L317, Os420, WF9 and other 10, accounting for 21.3%.

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0101204-4）、国家玉米产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-02-57）、国家自然科学基金（31560425）、农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题（25107020-201705）、新疆农业科学院优秀青年科技人才基金（xjnky-2012-13）