对210份引进美国解密玉米自交系在正常灌溉和干旱胁迫两种水分处理下进行耐旱适应性分析。通过对美国自交系和国内主要自交系耐旱相关农艺性状调查发现，在两种水分处理下，美国自交系产量略高于国内自交系，其中，行粒数是造成产量差异的主要因素。从育种角度来看，虽然美国自交系株高高于国内自交系，但其穗位高明显低于国内自交系，有利于培育品种的抗倒性。利用耐旱选择系数对自交系耐旱性进行评价，从美国自交系选出LH149、PHBA6、S8326等26份极强耐旱性自交系，耐旱性超过国内自交系豫12和齐319等。

With 210 decrypted maize inbred lines introduced from USA, their adaptability under normal irrigation and drought stress was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the yield of US inbred lines was slightly higher than that of domestic inbred lines under the two kinds of water treatments, among which the number of grains was the main factor to variance; From the breeding point of view, although the plant height of US inbred lines was higher than the domestic inbred lines, the ear height was significantly lower than the domestic inbred lines, which was beneficial to cultivating varieties of lodging resistance. Finally, with the selection index of drought tolerance, inbred lines of drought tolerance were selected, such as LH149, PHBA6 and S8326 etc., and their drought tolerance was higher than that of the domestic inbred lines.

国家玉米产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-02-68）、国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0101204-4）、国家自然科学基金（31560425；31661143010）、自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费（KY2015066）