利用均匀分布在玉米基因组上的70对SSR引物研究了73个国内外早熟类群玉米自交系、6份CIMMYT标准测验种和6份国内标准测验种的遗传多样性。研究结果表明，70对引物在供试材料中共检测出286个等位基因变异，每对引物检测出2～8个等位基因，平均4.1个。每个位点的多态性信息量(PIC)变化为0.18～0.81，平均为0.58。85个自交系之间的遗传相似系数变化范围在0.43～0.93之间，平均为0.66。UPGMA聚类分析表明，85份供试自交系划分为6个亚群合并后为A、B两大类群，主坐标分析结果与聚类分析结果相似，均与自交系系谱来源关系基本一致。外来种质和未知自交系被划分到相应的杂种优势类群。

Simple sequence repeat(SSR) analysis of the 70 loci distributed uniformly throughout the maize genome were carried out for seventy-three early-mutation inbred lines and six testers from China and other six testers from CIMMYT. Seventy loci identified 285 polymorphic amplified fragments. The average number of allele per SSR locus was 4.1 with a range from 2 to 8. The polymorphism information content(PIC) for the SSR loci varied from 0.18 to 0.81 with an average of 0.58. Genetic similarities among the 85 inbred lines ranged from 0.43 to 0.93 with an average of 0.66. The cluster analysis showed that the inbred lines could be classified into 6 sub-clusters which can be combines to A and B clusters. The results of the principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) were similarly to that of the cluster analysis, and both were consistent with the groups based on the available pedigree. Exotic lines and unknown lines were also be effectively assigned to certain groups.

国家自然基金(30300223)、农业部“948”重大专项(2006- G03)