采用平板混菌法对土壤病原菌进行分离，研究不同耕作方式玉米田土壤病原菌数量分布与病害相关性。结果表明，保护性耕作田的致病菌数量较常规农田有较大幅度提高，并随耕作年限的延长而增加。保护性耕作土壤真菌种类主要分为4大类，其数量由多到少排序为曲霉菌>串珠镰刀菌>腐霉菌>禾谷镰刀菌。分离到的玉米病原菌种类主要是串珠镰刀菌、腐霉菌和禾谷镰刀菌，其数量分布为串珠镰刀菌>腐霉菌>禾谷镰刀菌。保护性耕作田中的玉米苗期病害发生程度重于常规农田，随保护性耕作年限的延长病害呈明显加重趋势。保护性耕作方式能加重玉米茎腐病的发生程度，但有减轻玉米丝黑穗病发生的趋势。

Adopted the method of the plane table mixed culture to isolate the soil pathogens in the protective cultivated maize fields for researching the pathogens quantitative distribution and diseases correlation. The results showed that the number of the maize pathogens in the fields of the protective culture were more than that of the conventional tillage, which will increase continuously as cultural fixed number of years goes on. Protective cultural soil pathogens funguses were divided into four classification, which were rank arrange in the quantity: Aspergillus > Fusarium moniliform > Pythium > Fusarium graminearum. Maize diseases rates were higher in the protective cultural fields than conventional tillage. Maize stock rot was made heavier and maize smut was that of decreased in the protective cultural fields.

国家粮食丰产科技工程(2006BAD02A1603)