基于连锁不平衡的关联分析已在玉米基因组学研究领域取得了显著进展。随着玉米自交系B73全基因组序列的测定、玉米单体型图的绘制、高密度分子标记的开发及控制玉米重要性状基因的克隆，玉米分子育种与品种分子设计工作将会得到快速发展。介绍了玉米基因组概况、玉米关联分析研究现状、玉米分子育种与品种分子设计的研究进展与发展态势。

Based on linkage disequilibrium, association analysis has made significant progress in maize genomics research. With sequencing the B73 maize genome, picturing maize haplotype map, developing high-density marker and cloning genes which control important agricultural traits of maize, molecular breeding and breeding by design in maize will become a trend. In this paper, maize genome organization was firstly introduced. Then, status of association analysis in maize was presented in detail. Finally, molecular breeding and breeding by design in maize were discussed.

江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(09KJB180010)、扬州大学高层次人才科研基金项目(nxy5286)