谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS,EC6.3.1.2)是氮素代谢途径中的关键酶,对植物的生长和发育至关重要.采用多种生物信息学软件对6个玉米GS 基因的可变剪接现象、核苷酸序列、编码蛋白序列、磷酸化位点、基因组结构、同源进化关系以及启动子顺式作用元件进行系统的生物信息学分析.结果表明,5个玉米GS 基因存在可变剪接现象,编码蛋白的氨基酸数目为356～423个;6个玉米GS蛋白存在19～38个的磷酸化位点,各成员基因组序列上含有10～15个外显子;玉米GS 基因可划分为GS2、GS1-1、GS1-2和GS1-3等4个亚组;6个基因定位到1、4、5、9和10号共5条染色体上,6个成员的启动子区域含有MYB结合位点、水杨酸响应元件和茉莉酸甲酯响应元件等重要的调控元件.

Glutamine synthetase is one of the most important enzyme in nitrogen metabolism, and plays a crucial role in the growth and development of the plant. By bioinformatics analysis, the alternative splicing phenomenon, nucleotide sequence, encoded protein, phosphorylation sites, genomic structure, evolutionary relationship and cis-trans elements in the promoter of six GS genes in maize were analyzed. The results showed that 5 GS genes were found to be subjected to alternative splicing, the encoded proteins contain 356-423 amino acids, and all of them had phosphorylation sites on the protein sequences. Genomic structure analysis consequence indicated that the genome sequences of the 6 GS genes formed by 10-15 exons and introns. The result of phylogenetic analysis revealed that the cytosolic GS genes were organized in three functionally and phylogenetically conserved subfamilies. Chromosome mapping analysis showed that they could be located on 1, 4, 5, 9 and 10 chromosomes. Cis-trans elements prediction results demonstrated that all promoters of them had MYB binding sites, salicylic acid responsive elements and MeJA responsive elements etc. The bioinformatics analysis results will provide a basis for further characterization of biological function and regulation mechanism of GS genes in maize.

山西农业大学博士启动基金(2013YJ07)、山西农业大学科技创新基金(2014020)