淹水胁迫是玉米生产遭受的主要逆境之一.淹水胁迫使玉米植株气体扩散受阻,叶片细胞膜脂过氧化加剧,MDA含量积累,保护酶系统受损,叶绿体降解,光合速率下降.玉米可通过生理生化机制的调节来适应淹水胁迫,包括玉米植株生长发育、形态结构、解剖结构产生明显变化,在呼吸代谢、光合作用、抗氧化系统和内源激素等方面也发生相应变化.本文从形态学、生理学、生物化学和分子生物学等方面综述玉米耐涝机理研究进展,为玉米耐涝性研究和耐涝玉米新品种选育提供参考.

Waterlogging is one of the most important stresses to maize. Waterlogging stress causes gas diffusion limited, leaf membrane lipid peroxidation induced, MDA accumulation promoted, endogenous protective enzyme system damaged, chlorophyll degraded, and photosynthetic rate declined. To adapt to waterlogging, maize develop a series of effective physiological and biochemical mechanisms to keep normal life activity, and show evident changes in growth, morphology and anatomical structure. At the same time, their physiological and biochemical characteristics such as respiration metabolism, photosynthesis, antioxidant system and endogenous hormone of waterlogging resistance species are also changed. The response mechanisms of maize to the waterlogging stress in terms of plant morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology were reviewed. These can provide a reference for the research on the waterlogging resistance mechanism of maize and breeding waterlogging resistance hybrid in the future.

辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划(2014057)、国家自然科学基金(31301258)、辽宁省博士启动基金(20131101)、国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD01B01)