利用DUS测试指南中的36个形态性状对53份玉米标准品种进行形态性状多样性的分析。结果表明, 本研究所选用的玉米标准品种具有较为丰富的形态变异, 36个形态性状在53个玉米标准品种中检测到193个等位变异, 平均每个性状检测到5.361 1个, 有效等位变异平均为3.575 6个(1.121 4～6.834 5), 平均Shannon-Weaver多样性指数为1.309 4(0.253 5～2.046 1)。聚类分析结果表明, 53个标准品种间的形态性状多样性丰富, 相似系数介于0.74～0.85, 具有标准品种性状描述的示例和校正作用;取相似系数0.80为阈值, 可将53份玉米标准品种分为31类, 由此可将标准品种的数量调减为31个。

Thirty-six morphological characteristics listed in maize DUS testing guideline were used to evaluate the phenotypic diversity of 53 maize varieties which also considered as the example varieties in this guideline. The results showed that there were plentiful morphological variations in these example varieties. Totally 193 alleles, 5.3611 alleles per characteristic, 3.575 6 effective alleles on average with the range from 1.121 4 to 6.834 5 had been detected by 36 morphological characteristics. The mean Shannon's diversity index of these example varieties was 1.309 4 with the range from 0.253 5 to 2.046 1. Clustering analysis showed 53 example varieties which had plentiful morphological diversity could be used for demonstration and adjusting for characteristics'describing in DUS testing, and could be reduced to only 31 example varieties as suggestion while the threshold value of similarity was 0.80 with the range from 0.74 to 0.85.

上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2012)第2-1号]