采用连续多年田间小区定位试验, 在氮肥施用量200 kg/hm²下, 观测夏玉米季不同施氮模式对夏玉米季土壤氨挥发、子粒产量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明, 夏玉米季不同施氮处理土壤氨挥发损失量不同, 当地常规施氮处理损失量最高, 改变氮肥基追比处理次之, 控释复合肥处理损失量最低。与不施肥对照相比, 各施氮模式处理均能提高夏玉米产量, 控释复合肥、改变氮肥基追比处理较当地常规施氮处理分别增产9.89%和7.14%。不同施氮模式下夏玉米季氮肥利用率以控释复合肥利用率最高, 改变氮肥基追比处理次之, 常规施氮最低。综合考虑, 控释复合肥、改变氮肥基追比均可作为砂质潮土区推广的适宜氮肥施用模式。

Under the field experiment condition, the effects of different nitrogen application patterns on ammonia volatilization, yield of summer maize and nitrogen use efficiency were studied at the same amount of nitrogen(N) application with 200 kg/ha in summer maize season in each fertilizer treatment. There were four treatments including no fertilizer(CK), convention fertilizer(F1), changing basic fertilizer and topdressing regimes(F2) and controlledrelease fertilizer(F3). The result showed that the amount of ammonia loss from summer maize field was different in all treatments, F1 was the highest, followed by F2, and F3 was the lowest. Compared to CK, each nitrogen application patterns treatment all can improve the yield of summer maize, of which F3 was best, followed by F2, compared with F1, the yield increased by 9.89% and 7.14%, respectively. In addition, the study also showed that the nitrogen use efficiency was different in all treatments, of which F3 was the highest, followed by F2, F1 was the lowest. In conclusion, F3 and F2 could be taken as nitrogen application patterns by spread and application for summer maize in the sandy loam fluvo-aquic soil region.

“十二五”科技支撑计划（2013BAD07B07, 2011BAD16B07, 2009CB118602)、土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放课题(0812201240)、农业部公益性行业科研专项(201203079, 201203031)