玉米多穗影响玉米的产量和品质，受环境因素及基因型等诸多因素调控。生长素作为一种重要的植物发育调控因子，其代谢和转运在植物的器官形成和分化中均发挥重要作用。借助DR5rev：：mRFPer和pZmPIN1a：：ZmPIN1a：：YFP的转基因植株，通过分析红色荧光蛋白标记的生长素响应信号和黄色荧光蛋白标记的生长素转运蛋白PIN1a的分布模式发现，在植株发育早期，不同节位上的腋芽处于同一发育时期，未发生成花转变，生长素响应信号和生长素转运蛋白的分布模式是一致的，均匀分布在整个腋芽原基中。随着植株的生长，不同节位上的腋芽发育开始出现不同步，生长素响应信号和生长素转运蛋白的分布模式产生明显差异，位置越靠上的腋芽生长素响应信号越强，极性转运越活跃。研究结果暗示，生长素局部合成和极性转运在玉米腋芽发育过程中均发挥作用。

The yield and quality of maize were influenced by maize prolificacy, which is regulated by many factors such as environment and genotype. As an important plant growth regulator, auxin plays an important role in organ formation and differentiation. The transgenic plants with DR5rev::mRFPer and pZmPIN1a::ZmPIN1a::YFP were used to analyze the distribution pattern of the auxin response signal labeled by red fluorescent protein and the auxin transport protein PIN1a labeled by yellow fluorescent protein, respectively. It was found that the axillary bud of different nodes was at the same stage of development in the early stage of plant development. Auxin response signal and auxin transport protein are evenly distributed throughout the axillary bud of primordia. With the growth of the plant, the development of axillary buds at different nodes began to be out of sync. The patterns of auxin distribution and poplar auxin transport were significantly different between axillary buds at different nodes, and the upper axillary bud showed stronger auxin-responsive signals and polar auxin transport signals. These results suggest that auxin local synthesis and polar transport play a role in the development of axillary buds of maize.

山东省自然科学基金（JR2019BC107）、山东省泰山学者种业计划“早熟、耐密、宜机收玉米种质创新与新品种培育”