以T32与齐319为亲本构建118份F2:3家系的双亲分离群体为材料，通过对不同家系的穗部性状进行评价，结合高密度SNP标记的基因型鉴定结果，利用IciMapping4.2软件中的复合区间作图法对5个穗部相关性状（穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和秃尖）进行了QTL定位。共检测到16个QTL，其中控制穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和秃尖长的QTL分别为3、2、4、2和5个，单个QTL可解释2.92%～13.53%的表型变异。结合公共数据库，利用生物信息学分析筛选出4个控制穗部相关性状的候选基因：Zm00001d031906、Zm00001d027721、Zm00001d002762、Zm00001d002768。研究结果将为玉米穗部性状的遗传改良提供了更多的遗传位点, 也为后续的精细定位以及候选基因功能研究提供科学支持。

T32 and Qi319 were used as parents to construct 118 F2:3 families. Ear related traits of different families were evaluated, and genotype of each plants were identified by using high-density SNP markers. QTL mapping was conducted for 5 Ear-Related traits (ear length, ear diameter, ear row number, kernel number per row, ear barren tip) by using composite interval mapping method in IciMapping4.2 software. A total of 16 QTLs were detected, wherein 3, 2, 4, 2 and 5 QTLs were detected to be related with ear length, ear diameter, ear row number, kernel number per row and ear barren tip, respectively. A single QTL could explain phenotypic variation of 2.92% ~ 13.53%. Based on the public database, 5 suspected key candidate genes related with spike related traits were screened by using bioinformatics analysis, which including genes of Zm00001d031906, Zm00001d02721, Zm00001d002762, Zm00001d002768. These results would provided much more genetic locus for the genetic improvement of ear traits in corn, and some reliable candidate regions for the exploration of candidate genes' function.

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）,国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）基金项目：黔科合基础【2017】1413、贵州省基金［黔科合基础（2020）1Z019］，国家“七大作物育种”专项(2016YFD0101206-4, 2018YFD0100104), 国家自然科学基金 (31760387), 黔科合支撑 [2017]2507,[2018]2296，黔科合人才项目([2018]5629)和黔科中引地【2018】4003。