本研究以禾谷镰刀菌为研究对象,在室内测定了不同浓度可溶性硅、不同杀菌剂以及不同浓度可溶性硅和杀菌剂互配对禾谷镰刀菌生长的影响,结果表明：333.3mg.kg^-1、999.9mg.kg^-1、1666.7mg.kg^-1硅处理后对禾谷镰刀菌的抑制率分别为19.4%,26.9%,30.3%,可溶性硅浓度越大,对禾谷镰刀菌的抑制率越高；7种杀菌剂对禾谷镰刀菌的毒力大小顺序为：咯菌腈.氟唑菌酰羟胺(0.008mg.L^-1)＞25%吡唑醚菌酯(0.05mg.L^-1)＞戊唑醇(0.34mg.L^-1)＞苯醚甲环唑(0.87mg.L^-1)＞5%香芹酚(1.24mg.L^-1)＞2.5%咯菌腈(75.36mg.L^-1)＞32.5%苯甲.嘧菌酯(91.35mg.L^-1)；可溶性硅与吡唑醚菌酯、2.5%咯菌腈、32.5%苯甲.嘧菌酯和苯醚甲环唑按不同比例混配都能够促进对禾谷镰刀菌的抑制,其中可溶性硅与32.5%苯甲.嘧菌酯按1:1混配增效最高,按1:1与吡唑醚菌酯混配抑菌率最高；可溶性硅与5%香芹酚按不同比例混配对禾谷镰刀菌互作效应不同；可溶性硅与咯菌腈.氟唑菌酰羟胺混配可明显降低对玉米茎基腐病病菌的抑制率,降幅为8.7-12.8%。田间药效试验结果表明：单独喷施咯菌腈.氟唑菌酰羟胺对玉米茎基腐病防效高于其它5种杀菌剂,为38.00%；除咯菌腈.氟唑菌酰羟胺外,其它5种杀菌剂与硅肥混合喷施防效和产量都较单独喷施高,其中混合喷施2000mg /L可溶性硅肥+25%吡唑醚菌酯后防效最好(43.8%),增产最高(14.54%)。

Summary:Corn Stalk Rot caused by Fusarium graminearum was very common in corn seed production bases of Gansu Province, which had seriously hindered the development of corn seed production in Gansu Province.In this study, F. graminearum was taken as the research object, the effects of different concentrations of soluble silicon, different fungicides and different concentrations of soluble silicon and interaction of fungicides on the growth of F. graminearum were determined in laboratory.The results showed that the inhibition rates of 333.3mg·kg-1、999.9mg·kg-1 and 1666.7mg·kg-1 silicon to F. graminearum were 19.4% ,26.9% and 30.3% respectively,the higher the concentration of soluble silicon,the higher the inhibition rate to F. graminearum..The virulence of 7 fungicides to Fusarium graminearum was: Fludioxonil fluconazolehydroxylamine(0.008mg·L-1)>25%pyraclostrobin(0.05mg·L-1)>Tebucona zole(0.34mg·L-1)>Difenoconazole(0.87mg·L-1)>Carvol(1.242mg·L-1)>2.5%fludioxonil(75.36mg·L-1)>difenoconazole(91.35mg·L-1);The mixture of soluble silicon with pyrazolyl ether ester, 2.5%fludioxonil、32.5%dimethoprim and difenoconazole could promote the inhibition of Fusarium Graminearum, among them, soluble silicon mixed with 32.5% benzoxystrobin in 1:1 ratio had the highest synergistic effect, and soluble silicon mixed with pyrazolium ether in 1:1 ratio had the highest Fungistatic rate.The effect of the mixture of soluble silicon and carvacrol on the interaction of Fusarium graminearum was different, and the inhibition rate of the mixture of soluble silicon andFludioxonil·fluconazole hydroxylamineon the pathogen of Corn Stalk Rot was obviously reduced by 8.7-12.8%.The results of field efficacy test showed that The control effect of Fludioxonil fluconazole hydroxylamine on maize stem rot was 38.00% higher than that of other 5 fungicides.In addition to nitrile and fluozoll hydroxylamine, the other 5 fungicides and silicon fertilizer combined spraying had higher control effect and yield than single spraying, among which 2000mg /L soluble silicon fertilizer plus 25% pyrazole ester had the best control effect (43.8%) and the highest yield increase (14.54%).

甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(17JR5RA016)资助；甘肃省重点研发计划项目(18YF1NA011)资助；甘肃省玉米产业技术体系(GARS-02-03)资助。