为明确新知镰孢菌为辽宁省玉米穗腐病致病菌,本文通过形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定了菌株Fa11-7。结果表明,菌株Fa11-7产生的大型分生孢子镰刀形,3-5个分隔,小型分生孢子长椭圆形,单胞。菌株Fa11-7延伸因子与新知镰孢菌聚为一类,确定菌株Fa11-7为新知镰孢菌(Fusarium andiyazi)。通过接种与再分离鉴定试验,完成柯赫式法则。利用十字交叉法和血球计数板计数法研究了营养和环境条件对新知镰孢菌长生长速度和产孢的影响,结果表明,该病菌菌丝生长温度范围为15~40℃,最适温度为25℃,光照条件对该病菌菌丝生长影响不显著,生长最适碳、氮源分别为麦芽糖、硝酸钠；促进分生孢子产生的最适碳、氮源分别为蔗糖、酵母。本研究首次报道新知镰孢菌在辽宁省可引起玉米穗腐病。

Strain Fa11-7 was identified by morphological and molecular methods to demonstrate Fusarium andiyazi causing maize ear rot. The results showed that micro-conidia of Fa11-7 were sickle with 3-5 separates, mini-conidia oblong with single cell. Sequences of elongation factor had 99% identification with those of F. andiyazi.Strain Fa11-7 was identified as F. andiyazi. The effects on nutrient and environmental conditions to growth and conidiation of F. andiyazi were studied with cross and blood counting methods. The results showed mycelial growth of F. andiyazi was 15-40℃, and the optimum temperature was 25℃. There was no significant difference on mycelial growth under light conditions. Maltose and sodium nitrate were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources to promote mycelial growth, and sucrose and yeast were the optimum carbons and nitrogen sources to conidiation, respectively. F. andiyazicausing maize ear rot was reported in Liaoning province.

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300307,2017YFD0201805)