2015～2018年对东北中西部春玉米区玉米病虫草害防治用药情况进行调查。结果表明，该区域玉米田化学农药的使用量占农药总使用量的99%以上。吉林省玉米田农药年均用量为3 216.45 g a.i./hm²，内蒙玉米田化学农药年均用量为1 133.44 g a.i./hm²。各类化学农药按照使用量排序依次为除草剂>杀虫剂>杀菌剂，除草剂使用量占农药总用量的75%以上。苗后除草剂用量显著低于苗前除草剂用量，选择苗后除草的农户比例和应用面积逐年增加，各类苗后除草剂存在不同程度的超量应用现象。提出通过以草优化配方，减少长残留除草剂用量、明确苗后施药关键时期、升级施药器械、开展技术培训等措施、结合病虫害绿色防控技术，集成农药减施综合技术模式。

The pesticide usage was investigated from 2015 to 2018 in the middle west area of Northeast China. The results showed that chemical pesticides accounted for more than 99% of the total pesticides used. The pesticide dosages applied were 3 216.45 g a.i./ha in Jilin and 1 133.44 g a.i./ha in the Inner Mongolia Herbicide accounted for more than 75% of the total pesticide. The dosage of post emergence herbicide was significantly lower than that of pre-emergence herbicide. However, there was still excessive herbicide application in planting seasons. Therefore, the following techniques should be improved/developed, screening and selecting multi-formula of herbicides based on the weed profiles in this region, especially using safety herbicides instead of long residual herbicides like atrazine; Determining and definite the suitable application time for post emergence herbicide application; Upgrade the sprayers. Together with corn disease and insecticide control with biological and ecological tactics, it is expected to establish an integrated management system for corn pest control with reduced use of chemical pesticides.

国家重点研发计划“北方玉米化学农药减施技术集成研究与示范”（YFD20170201800）