为明确秸秆不同还田模式配施腐解菌剂土壤团聚体组成及有机碳在团聚体中的分布特征，本研究采集吉林省西部半干旱地区浅旋和深翻模式下，秸秆离田（CK）、秸秆还田（JG）和秸秆还田配施腐解菌剂（YW）处理的0~40 cm土壤样品测定相关指标。结果表明，深翻模式下秸秆腐解率（86.74%~93.69%）要高于浅旋模式（73.00%~83.36%），且施用腐解菌剂可显著提高秸秆腐解率。在浅旋模式下，与CK相比，JG和YW显著增加了0~20 cm土层中2~0.25 mm粒级团聚体比例，并且显著增加了>2mm和2~0.25 mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量和土壤有机碳储量。在深翻模式下，与CK相比，JG和YW显著增加了20~40 cm土层中0.25~0.053 mm粒级团聚体比例，且提高了>0.053 mm 粒级团聚体有机碳含量。在各粒级团聚体中，2~0.25 mm粒级团聚体的有机碳含量（SOCa）和固定量（SOCi）与土壤总有机碳（SOCt）具有显著正相关性，说明2~0.25 mm粒级团聚体是影响有机碳固持能力的关键粒级。

In order to determine the effects of different straw returning modes with decomposing microbial inoculum on soil aggregates and their distribution of organic carbon, the soil samples (0~40 cm) were collected from treatments, including non-straw returning (CK), straw returning (JG) and straw returning with microbial inoculum (YW) in the shallow rotary and deep tillage mode in the semi-arid region of Jilin Province. The results showed that the straw decomposition rate was higher in the deep tillage (86.74%~93.69%) compared to the shallow rotary (73.00%~83.36%), and the application of decomposing microbial inoculum significantly increased the straw decomposition rate. In the shallow rotary mode, compared to CK, JG and YW significantly increased the proportion of 2~0.25 mm aggregates in the 0~20 cm soil layer. Also, they significantly increased the organic carbon content of >2 mm and 2~0.25 mm aggregates, and soil organic carbon stock. In the deep tillage mode, compared to CK, JG and YW significantly increased the proportion of 0.25~0.053 mm aggregates in the 20~40 cm soil layer, and increased the organic carbon content of >0.053 mm aggregates. The organic carbon content (SOCa) and stock (SOCi) of 2~0.25 mm aggregates was significantly positively correlated with total soil organic carbon (SOCt), indicating that 2~0.25 mm aggregates played the key role to promote soil organic carbon sequestration.

吉林省农业科技创新工程(CXGC2021RCG001,GXGC2021TD004)、第四批吉林省青年科技人才托举工程(QT202024)