株高和穗位高是构成玉米株型的重要农艺性状，与玉米产量的提高也有着密不可分的关系。本研究以580份遗传多样性丰富的玉米自交系为关联群体，利用分布于全基因组的31826个单核苷酸多态性(Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, SNPs)分别对株高和穗位高性状3年表型值及BLUE(Best Linear Unbiased Estimate)值进行全基因组关联分析。结果表明，四个环境下共检测到58个显著性SNPs，共定位的SNPs有6个，其中3个与株高性状显著关联，分布在3、5、7号染色体上；4个与穗位高性状显著关联，分布在2、5、7、9号染色体上。基于LD衰减距离，共检测到76个关联基因，其中66个有基因描述，53个基因在GO(Gene Ontology)富集分析中得到分类，可归类到20类生物过程、10类分子功能以及8类细胞组成。综合基因功能注释和GO富集分析结果，预测了7个可能与株高和穗位高性状有关的候选基因， Zm00001d042611编码赤霉素20-氧化酶3，Zm00001d021592编码钾高亲和转运蛋白14，Zm00001d017811编码五肽重复序列超家族蛋白，Zm00001d019270编码果胶甲酯酶抑制子20，Zm00001d019271编码果胶甲酯酶抑制子27，Zm00001d019274编码果胶甲酯酶抑制子9，Zm00001d048084编码GDP-甘露糖转运蛋白GONST3。这些可能的候选基因可为株高和穗位高性状的遗传解析提供参考。

Plant height and ear height are important agronomic traits of maize plant type, which are also closely related to the improvement of maize yield. In this study, 580 maize inbred lines with rich genetic diversity were used as the association population, and 31826 SNPs distributed in the whole genome were used to analyze of plant height and ear height traits and BLUE values at 3 years separately. The results showed that 58 significant SNPs were detected in four environments, 6 SNPs were colocalized, of which 3 were significantly associated with plant height and distributed on chromosomes 3, 5 and 7; 4 were significantly correlated with ear height, distributed on chromosomes 2, 5, 7 and 9. Based on the LD decay distance of the population, a total of 76 associated genes were detected, of which 66 were described, and 53 genes were classified in GO analysis, the results of enrichment analysis of candidate genes were mainly involved in 20 biological processes, 10 molecular functions and 8 cellular components. Comprehensive gene functional annotation and go enrichment analysis results, 7 candidate genes possibly related to plant height and ear height traits were predicted, Zm00001d042611 encoded the gibberellin 20-oxidase3, Zm00001d017811 encoded the Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) superfamily protein, Zm00001d021592 encoded the potassium high-affinity transporter14, Zm00001d019270 encoded the pectin methylesterase inhibitor20, Zm00001d019271 encoded the pectin methylesterase inhibitor27, Zm00001d019274 encoded the pectin methylesterase inhibitor9, Zm00001d048084 encoded the GDP-mannose transporter GONST3. Key words：Maize；Plant height；Ear height；Genome wide association analysis

兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2019AB021)、兵团科技创新人才计划(2021CB038)、中国科学院“西部青年学者”