玉米单倍体育种可以显著缩短选系时间,加快育种进程,具有巨大的应用前景。单倍体诱导系是开展单倍体育种的必备前提,然而在我国北方高纬地区能够高效生产单倍体的诱导系十分匮乏。为了选育适宜寒地生态条件的优良单倍体诱导系,利用玉米诱导系CAU5和从乌克兰引进的EMK-1杂交后代的分离群体为基础材料,经过连续6代的自交选择和诱导率测定,育成了优良单倍体诱导系LY3-6。对17个不同基因型材料的单倍体诱导效果试验表明,LY3-6的平均诱导率为12.95%。LY3-6具有熟期早、平均诱导率高、抗玉米主要病害、抗倒伏、籽粒遗传标记明显等优良特点,是寒地开展早熟玉米单倍体育种的理想诱导系。

Doubled haploid breeding in maize, which can significantly shorten the time of line improvement and speed up the breeding progress, has a great prospects of wide use in maize breeding. Haploid inducers are the necessary prerequisite for haploid breeding. However, there are very few inducer that can produce haploid efficiently in high latitude areas of northern China. In order to select an excellent haploid inducer suitable for cold ecological conditions, the excellent haploid inducer LY3-6 was bred by using the maize inducer CAU5 and the separated population of the hybrid offspring of EMK-1 introduced from Ukraine as the basic materials, through self-breeding selection and induction rate measurement for six consecutive generations. The haploid induction effect of 17 different genotype materials showed that the average induction rate of LY3-6 was 12.95%. LY3-6 is an ideal inducer for haploid breeding of early-maturing maize in cold regions, with its excellent characteristics of early maturity, high average induction rate, resistance to major diseases of maize, lodging resistance, and obvious genetic markers in grains.

黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2021-2-B004);黑龙江省农业科学院创新工程资助项目（CX23GG01）