利用Meta分析方法，分析北美和中国北方地区覆盖作物与玉米轮作和间/套作两种种植模式下覆盖作物对玉米产量的效应。结果表明，覆盖作物与玉米轮作使玉米平均增产5.9%，覆盖作物与玉米间/套作使玉米平均减产2.5%。不同种类覆盖作物与玉米轮作对玉米产量的效应不同，豆科、十字花科和覆盖作物混播分别使后茬玉米平均增产13.0%、1.6%和18.1%，禾本科覆盖作物使后茬玉米平均减产2.7%。中国北方地区豆科覆盖作物与玉米间/套作使玉米平均增产8.1%，北美地区覆盖作物与玉米间/套作使玉米平均减产9.6%。研究结果表明，覆盖作物与玉米轮作在北美和我国北方玉米种植区均对玉米产量具有积极影响，以禾本科、豆科、十字花科为主的混播增产的效益最大。

A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the effects of cover crops on corn yield under rotation and intercropping in North America and northern China. The results showed that corn yield in rotation with cover crops was significantly increased by 5.9% on average, while a yield reduction of 2.5% was found under intercropping. Planting of legume, brassica and mixture of cover crops increased subsequent corn yield on average by 13.0%, 1.6% and 18.1%, respectively. While planting of grass cover crops decreased yield by 2.7%. Intercropping with legume cover crops resulted in an average yield increase of 8.1% compared to corn monoculture in northern China, while an average yield reduction of 9.6% was found in North America. The results of this study suggested that rotation with cover crops had positive effect on corn yield both in North America and northern China, and mixed sowing of grass, legume and brassica was the most beneficial.

S513.047

国家自然科学基金项目(32072676)、中国高校科学基金(2021TC060)