试验设传统施肥(CF)、缓控肥减氮15%(RF)和不施氮肥 (CK)3个处理，研究缓控肥减氮施肥方式对青贮玉米生物产量、氮素利用与平衡的影响。结果表明，RF处理的生物产量较CK处理显著提高43.7%，较CF处理提高6.96%，差异不显著。RF处理主要生育期单株干物重和各器官干物质积累量较CK处理显著增加，同时提高穗、叶部干物质比重，与CF处理差异不显著。RF处理较CF处理显著提高氮肥偏生产力、农学效率、氮肥利用率。除CF处理的氮素平衡呈盈余状态外，其余处理氮素平衡呈亏损状态，RF处理氮素亏损未超阈值。因此，缓控肥减氮15%相比传统施肥实现青贮玉米稳产，提高氮肥利用率

The effects of slow-released fertilization with nitrogen reduction on the biomass yield, nitrogen utilization and balance of silage maize were studied with three treatments: Conventional Fertilization(CF), Slow-Released Fertilization with Nitrogen Reduction(RF) of 15% and No Nitrogen Fertilization(CK).Results showed that the biomass yield of RF treatment was 43.7% higher than that of CK treatment significantly, and 6.96% higher than that of CF treatment non-significantly. Compared with CK treatment, RF treatment significantly increased the dry matter weight per plant and the dry matter accumulation of various organs in the main growth stages, and increased the dry matter proportion of panicles and leaves, but there was no significant difference between RF treatment and CF treatment. Compared with CF treatment, RF treatment significantly increased nitrogen partial productivity, agronomic efficiency, and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency. Except that the nitrogen balance of CF treatment was in surplus, the nitrogen balance of other treatments were in deficit, but the nitrogen deficit of RF treatment did not exceed the threshold. Therefore, the application of controlled-release fertilization with 15% nitrogen reduction in silage maize cultivation achieved stable biomass yield, improved nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency.

S513.062

四川省“天府万人计划”项目、四川省国际科技创新合作项目（2021YFH0026）、山地旱作玉米生产技术研发与示范(2022ZSSFGH02)