选育宜机械粒收玉米新品种是节约劳动成本、提高经济效益的重要途径。根据生产中不同生态区对宜机械粒收玉米品种改良需求，分析影响玉米机械粒收的主要特性指标，确立宜粒收玉米育种目标。本文基于不同生态区光热条件、主推品种、广泛应用种质及杂种优势模式，探讨适宜不同玉米生态区的宜机械粒收关键种质的构建方向以及杂优模式利用与品种选育策略。同时对宜机械粒收种质特性改良与机收品种选育进行实践，为我国宜机械粒收玉米种源创新与新品种选育提供参考。

Breeding new varieties of maize suitable for mechanical grain harvesting is a crucial approach to decrease the cost and enhance economic performance. Considering the actual requirements for mechanical-harvested maize in production to analysis of the main characteristics that affect mechanical harvesting and then establishing the mechanical-harvested breeding goals. Under the climatic conditions, mainly spreading varieties, germplasm and pattens of heterosis in different ecoregions, discussing the construction of the key germplasm suitable for mechanical harvesting and, meanwhile, setting the strategies that the utilization of the heterosis pattens and new varieties breeding. Moreover, the practices of improving the mechanically-harvested germplasms and breeding new varieties would provide very useful information in the prosses of realizing maize grain mechanical harvesting.

S513.032

北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ202102)、北京市农林科学院杰出科学家培育专项(JKZX202202)、河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(20220102)、财政部和农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-02-11)