磷脂酶A (phospholipase A，PLA)在植物生长发育、脂信号转导以及胁迫响应方面发挥着重要作用。在玉米全基因组中共鉴定出38个编码PLA蛋白基因，并对其进化关系、基因结构、不同组织及盐胁迫下的表达模式等进行综合分析。根据玉米PLA家族成员的序列同源性和进化关系可分为PLA₁(phosphipase A₁)、pPLA (patatin like phosphipase A)和sPLA₂(secretory Phospholipases A₂)3个亚家族。基因表达分析发现，不同成员在不同组织部位的表达模式各不相同，ZmPA-PLA1α、ZmPA-PLA1β与ZmpPLA-Iα、ZmpPLA-Iβ在整个生长发育阶段的相对表达量都是较高的。对盐胁迫(150 mmol/L NaCl)处理下玉米幼苗转录组数据进行分析，发现ZmPLA₁-Iγ2在根和叶片中均上调表达，ZmPLA₁-Iα1、ZmPLA₁-Iα2、ZmPLA₁-Iα3、ZmPLA₁-Iβ1在根中上调表达，推测PLA基因在盐胁迫响应中具有重要作用。

Phospholipase A(PLA) plays an important role in plant growth and development, lipid signal transduction, and stress responses. In this study, a total of 38 genes encoding PLA proteins were identified in the maize genome, and their evolutionary relationships, gene structures, expression patterns in different tissues and under salt stress were comprehensively analyzed. Based on the sequence homology and evolutionary relationships, the maize PLA family members were categorized into three subfamilies: PLA₁(photosphorase A₁), pPLA(patatin like photosphorase A), and sPLA₂(secret photosphoripases A₂). Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of different PLA members vary in different tissue. The relative expression level of ZmPA-PLA1α, ZmPA-PLA1β And ZmpPLA-Iα, ZmpPLA-Iβ is relatively high throughout the entire growth and development stage. The transcriptome data of maize seedlings under salt stress(150mmol/L NaCl) treatment was analyzed, it was found that ZmPLA1-Iγ2 was up-regulated in both roots and leaves, while ZmPLA₁-Iα1, ZmPLA₁-Iα2, ZmPLA₁-Iα3, and ZmPLA₁-Iβ1 were up-regulated in roots, which suggesting that PLA gene plays an important role in salt stress responses.

S513.035.3

黑龙江省自然基金重点项目(ZD2020C007);黑龙江八一农垦大学三横三纵重点专项(ZDZX202101);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新项目(YJSCX2022-Y08)