目前，甘肃张掖玉米制种成本的不断上涨促使生产迫切需要机械化以降低成本。在制种玉米的机械化收获中，为了实现张掖制种玉米低损机械化收获，选取国内主流的7种不同机型进行制种玉米机收对比试验。结果表明，收穗-扒皮两段式4YZS-4A的子粒损失率1.74%，产量损失率1.58%，产量损失133.80 kg/hm²，机收子粒破损率0.94%，均最低；种子发芽率达100%，是适合制种玉米收获的最佳机型。4YZB-4F的子粒损失率3.81%，产量损失率3.20%，产量损失277.95 kg/hm²，机收子粒破损率1.19%，种子发芽率97.33%，是收穗-扒皮一段式机型中最好的机型。

The rising cost of seed production in Zhangye, Gansu, has prompted an urgent need for mechanization to reduce expenses. In the mechanized harvesting of maize seed production, 7 kinds of domestic main maize harvester models were selected for a comparative test to achieve low-loss mechanized harvesting. The results showed that the maize harvester 4YZS-4A had the lowest grain loss rate of 1.74%, yield loss rate of 1.58%, yield loss of 133.80 kg/ha, grain damage rate of 0.94%, and the seed germination rate reached 100%, which was the two-stage machine of ear harvesting-bract peeling and the best model suitable for maize hybrids harvest. In contrast, the maize harvester 4YZB-4F had the grain loss rate of 3.81%, the yield loss rate of 3.20%, the yield loss of 277.95 kg/ha, the seed damage rate of 1.19%, and the seed germination rate of 97.33%, which is the best model of proceed simultaneously in the ear harvesting-bract peeling.

S513.01

农业农村部制种玉米全程机械化科研基地项目(2105-000000-20-01-849645)、甘肃省高等学校青年博士基金项目(2022QB-155)、甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2022CYZC-62)、河西学院博士科研启动金项目(KYQD2022007)