以玉米品种松糯9(Sn9)与万糯2000(Wn2000)为材料，研究不同施氮水平(低氮LN，高氮HN)对鲜食糯玉米商品品质与咀嚼品质性状的影响。结果表明，与LN处理(对照，CK)相比，HN处理下Sn9和Wn2000穗鲜重显著提高23.12%和15.86%，穗长增加4.29%和21.97%，两个品种的子粒深度和子粒宽度也显著提高，子粒体积和子粒重无显著变化。HN处理显著提高了两个品种子粒中粗蛋白含量以及Wn2000子粒中粗脂肪含量，显著降低了Sn9中粗脂肪含量。此外，不同施氮处理显著影响两个品种子粒的种皮厚度和皮渣率，HN处理下，Sn9和Wn2000子粒种皮厚度较对照(CK)增加11.49%和32.35%，皮渣率提高8.15%和9.79%。相关分析表明，鲜食糯玉米子粒皮渣率与子粒重量、种皮厚度和子粒大小存在正相关性，子粒大小与种皮厚度和皮渣率存在负相关性。因此，在生产中应根据品种需肥特性确定氮肥投入，利于鲜食糯玉米商品品质与咀嚼品质的协同提升。

In this experiment, maize varieties Songnuo 9(Sn9) and Wannuo 2000(Wn2000) were used as materials to study the effects of low nitrogen(LN, CK) and high nitrogen(HN) treatments on commodity quality and chewing quality traits of fresh waxy maize. The results showed that, compared with the LN treatment, the fresh ear weight of Sn9 and Wn2000 under HN treatment were significantly increased by 23.12% and 15.86%, and the ear length increased by 4.29% and 21.97%, respectively. HN treatment also increased the grain depth and grain width of the two varieties, but had no significant effect on grain volume or grain weight. Additionally, nitrogen rate significantly affected the kernel pericarp thickness and residue rate, the kernel pericarp thickness of Sn9 and Wn2000 under the HN treatment were increased by 11.49% and 32.35% respectively, and the residue rate increased by 8.15% and 9.79% respectively compared with the control. The correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the grain residue rate of fresh waxy maize and grain weight, seed coat thickness and grain size, while there was a negative correlation between grain size and seed coat thickness and residue rate. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied according to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of varieties in production, which is conducive to the coordinated improvement of commodity quality and chewing quality of fresh waxy maize.

S513.062

吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210202125NC、YDZJ202301ZYTS336、20230202041NC)、吉林省农业科技创新工程(CXGC2022RCY013)